Example Of Cancer Project - 950 Words

Problem Statement The goal of our project is to create an interactive tool that will educate users on their risk of developing different forms of cancer based upon their socioeconomic and demographic information, and support healthcare providers in making informed decisions about cancer treatment. This is important because many patients will go to doctors without knowing their risks which leads to certain illnesses going unnoticed. This tool will allow patients to be better informed prior to attending an appointment so they can discuss issues and concerns with their doctor which will hopefully lead to earlier detection of cancer. Current Practices Modern approaches in cancer-risk prediction involve many clustering algorithms. Using†¦show more content†¦The proportions that are returned are very similar amongst most cancer types so no significant interpretation can be made of the results. These flaws within the tool prevent the user from acquiring beneficial knowledge on the types of cancer, current risks, and preventative steps they should take. Novel Approach Our approach to classification of user’s cancer risks will use a larger number of dimensions to calculate risk of different types of cancers than other similar analytic techniques. The data used for this project will come from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data from the National Cancer Institute. SEERs extensive datasets allow many different analyses to be done from general population cancer statistics (Siegel) to specific medical decision making applications such as whether a certain treatment for prostate cancer would be beneficial (Culp). Other approaches have utilized SEER datasets and supervised classification methods to develop survival prediction models for colon cancer (Al-Bahrani) and chart survival curves for different treatments for lung cancer (Owonikoko). However, these previous approaches have focused on one type of cancer and are therefore less comprehensive than the tool we are seeking to develop. We also plan to implement an interactiv e, user-friendly visualization tool that allows for quick interpretation of the results. The user would receive a list of cancer they are mostShow MoreRelatedA Study On The Cancer Genome Atlas Project1544 Words   |  7 Pageslong time. For example, cancer is a collection of diseases that has many types, and what it does is that cells in some parts of the human body starts to grow out of control. Also these cells are different form normal cells because cancer cells don’t die they keep growing and dividing. Most of the people around the world think of this disease as a terrifying disease, they also think of cancer as an untreatable disease that has no cure. Furthermore, people can also get diagnosed by cancer from developingRead MoreChildren With Scis And Caregivers Living1168 Words   |  5 PagesThis project is developed to educate patients with SCIs and caregivers living in the New York City (NYC) and Long Island areas of New York as they are the primary audiences. Data t hat will be collected are responses of face-to-face interview questions to patients that center on function in daily living. These questions will be evaluated to determine the appropriate resources gathered for them along with the agency based on the responses. The awareness of these resources can help people living withRead MoreLung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma (liver) and gastric cancer are three of the main causes of1600 Words   |  7 PagesLung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma (liver) and gastric cancer are three of the main causes of cancer deaths in the Asian community. Philanthropic organizations are nonprofit nongovernmental entities that use donations to aid the society in some way. The Asian Cancer Research Group is an independent, not-for-profit company that benefits the society and advocates Christianity. The goal of the Asian Cancer Research Group (ACRG) is to research and improve the treatments for the most common typesRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Cancer Essay1214 Words   |  5 PagesCancer remains a major disease in the United States and causes a burden not just to individuals but also to the society in general. It was estimated more than 1.6 million new cases will be diagnosed in the United States in 2016, and approximately 600,000 patients will succumb to cancer1. Through the effort of screening (mammography for breast cancer, colonoscopy for colon cancer, to name a few) some cancers can now be detected early on when local resection is still feasible. However, many cancersRead MoreEssay On 20 Years Of Advancement In Healthcare Science1109 Words   |  5 Pagestreatments lowering the prevalence of diseases. The first significant advancement discussed in this essay is The Human Genome Project (HGP), an international collaborative research program whose goal was to sequence and map all of the genes (known as the genome) contained within humans. This project has revolutionised the biomedical field and has already inspired further projects. Several techniques were used to achieve this including: †¢ DNA sequencing, used to determine the order of the nucleotideRead MoreGene Expression : The Consequences Of Human DNA And Human Genes1345 Words   |  6 Pagesinducing cancer-causing mutations. Genes that are encoded after histone modification such as histone deacteylases or methyltransferases are often mutated resulting in cancer cells (Barneda-Zahonero, B., Parra, M.2012).While these alterations are normal in gene expression and regulation of normal cells, they can be modified by exogenous influences contributing to severe complications. Cancer is caused by an accumulation of many mutations that affect different aspects of cellular function. Cancer comesRead MoreImproving The Mortality And Morbidity Of Cardiovascular Disease980 Words   |  4 Pages stress monitoring, heart changes monitoring, radiological procedures, and labs that could target specific cardiac markers Hsieh et al., 2012). 2. Tobacco use kills millions of people each year. Smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer (CDC, 2011). Tobacco control and the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommended the implementation of smoke-free policies to decrease the dangers of second hand smoking and smoke exposure (WHO, 2015). The IOM recommended increasing awareness about theRead MoreUsing The Experimental Or Quasi Experimental Method With Variables As Well As The Correlational Method1148 Words   |  5 Pagessampling methods that will useful to health professionals now and in the future. The next section of this paper will mention of a possible research topic that will be a stepping-stone and guide for the comprehensive research project. This practice skill for the final project will serve to make the research process easier for the topic question. Lastly, the topic of research will be demonstrated by using the experimental or quasi-experimental method with variables as well as the correlational metho dRead MoreBiotechnology And Global Health : Genome Sequencing1518 Words   |  7 PagesHuman Genome Project was launched in 1990. The Human Genome Project strived to decipher and understand the entire human genome in a fifteen-year timespan. This project involved researchers from all over the world who came together to form the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium (IHGSC) in order to â€Å"establish an all-inclusive effort aimed at understanding our shared molecular heritage, and to benefit from diverse approaches† (Nature Education). Additionally, the project also mandatedRead MoreHistory Of Dr. Clay Siegall Espouses Landmark Cancer Treatment Therapies1059 Words   |  5 PagesDr. Clay Siegall Espouses Landmark Cancer Treatment Therapies Many doctors, physicians, researchers and biotech companies--including the revolutionary Seattle Genetics research facility--are now turning to antibody-assisted cancer treatments and precisely targeted cures instead of treating cancer with a cocktail of chemicals and radiation that generate risky side effects and damage the healthy tissue that patients need to recover. Cancers are among the most frightening and difficult-to-treat illnesses

Breast Milk A Liquid Source Of Food Made By Mothers Essay

Introduction Breast milk is a liquid source of food made by mothers’ breasts for her children. It is formed in response to pregnancy, so also at the suckling of a baby at the breast (breastfeeding). Breast milk consumption provides the child with a complete nutrition as well as protection against infections, diseases, and illnesses. Having said these information’s about Breast milk, it reveals how important Breast milk is to baby’s life. Breastfeeding is the act of feeding babies with milk from a women’s breast. Recommended by world health organization (WHO), it should be initiated within the first hour after birth with exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months of age and appropriate complementary foods up to two years of age or beyond. (Jiang, et al., 2015). But, with the nature of life, medical conditions or health related reasons, early returning to work and convenience sake, a large proportion of mothers rely on breast pumps/expression to feed their infants, prefers exclusive milk expressing to direct feeding at the breast as a way of breast milk feeding immediately after giving birth. So at this junction as breast milk expression (breast pumping) has now become very common and current as an important dimension of breastfeeding behavior, many studies have been researched on its impact on breast feeding duration as this paper is about study on evaluation of the impact of breast milk expression in early postpartum period on breastfeeding duration, a prospective Cohort studyShow MoreRelatedBenefits Of Extended Breast Feeding And Link Between Chronic Disease1961 Words   |  8 Pages Aynslie Skye Glendenning Nutrition 101 2/01/2016 The Benefits of Extended Breast Feeding and Link between Chronic Disease â€Å"Breast milk is widely acknowledged as the most complete form of nutrition for infants, with a range of benefits for infants health, growth, immunity and development.† (Healthy People 2010, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) The nutritional benefits of breastfeeding a newborn are known; however new studies are showing that extended breastfeeding is linked to preventingRead MoreIs Fluoride A Natural Occurring Element?1544 Words   |  7 PagesHazard Assessment Sources Fluoride is a natural occurring element found abundantly in the Earth’s crust. It is widely distributed in the lithosphere and is the 13th most common element in the earth’s crust (Lennon et al., 2004, pg. 2). It is found in seawater at a concentrations between 1.2–1.4 mg/L, in groundwater at concentrations up to 67 mg/L, and in most surface waters at concentrations below 0.1 mg/L (IPCS, 2002). While all foods contain traces of fluoride, water and non-dairy beverages areRead MoreThe Benefits of Breastfeeding Over Bottle Feeding Essay2299 Words   |  10 PagesAll mothers want what is best for their children, and while health care professionals encourage breastfeeding as the natural feeding choice, many mothers still choose to feed their babies with artificial milk. The 2014 Breastfeeding Report Card states that only 19% of women nationwide were exclusively breastfeeding their babies at 6 months of age. While 2-5% of women physically cannot breastfeed, this leave s around 80% of women who have made the choice to feed their infant artificially (Centers forRead MoreEssay Breastfeeding: Numerous Benefits for Mom and Baby2793 Words   |  12 Pagesknow how good breast milk is for a child. Nowadays, mothers blame their busy schedules and use it as an excuse to formula feed their baby. Breastfeeding does not only benefit the baby, but also the mother. The benefits of breastfeeding are so abundant, mothers shouldnt ever consider feeding their baby formula. Breastfeeding: Nipple, Breast all the Rest Today, breasts have gained the image of a sex symbol. Society forgets the main purpose women were blessed with breasts. Breasts were initiallyRead MoreA Study on Factors Affecting Infant Feeding Practices of Mothers in the Philippines6709 Words   |  27 PagesSTUDY ON FACTORS AFFECTING INFANT FEEDING PRACTICES OF MOTHERS IN THE PHILIPPINES Santos, Samuel Edelson Pingol, Aaron Paul Villanueva, Lovely Ann Bermas, Mhelrick Andrew Brecia, Froyland Miguel Faustino, Donald Bulacan State University BSECE 2A Introduction Every day, as many as 4,000 infants and young children die worldwide because they are not breastfed. According to UNICEF (United Nations Children’s Fund), it is because their mothers are not empowered with adequate knowledge about breastfeedingRead MoreHiv ( Human Immunodeficiency Virus ) Essay2078 Words   |  9 Pagesto getting infections. (aids.gov) HIV is transmitted parenteral or sexually. (Palmisano, Vella) Around 1 and 4 people living with HIV in the United States are women. In 2014 women made up 19% (8,328) of estimate HIV diagnosis in the United States. (cdc.gov) In the 19% of women infected with HIV, many of whom are mothers, affects the life expectancy of infants during the pregnancy, birth, and gestational period. Breastfeeding in terms of gestational feeding has become a gateway of transferring theRead MoreNewborn Care7523 Words   |  31 Pagesformula is patterned after breast milk. Also, if I feel your baby has any special feeding needs, I’ve taken this into account when coming to my decision. After careful consideration, I’ve recommended the infant formula that I feel best meets the nutritional needs of your baby for the first full year of life. You can accept my recommendation with complete confidence. Contents [pic] ⠝â€" Getting Started ⠝â€" Feeding Your Newborn No Cow’s Milk Feeding Times How Much IsRead MoreFood Taboos2861 Words   |  12 PagesFood Taboos â€Å"Would You Eat Breast Milk Cheese?† (Hamm, 2010). I have shown this headline to multiple people and have received the same reaction from everyone. Most of these people I work with at a daycare. We all handle and serve breast milk on a daily basis. Also we watch mothers nurse their infants. Yet, the reaction did not surprise me, even with this comfort level with human breast milk. This reaction falls along the line of disgust and shock. One person even reacted with a sharp reply ofRead MoreHow Bpa Can Be Released Into Food2074 Words   |  9 PagesBackground Often do we purchase canned food, bottled water or soap without a second though in regards which chemicals are used to produce these items. Chemical such as bisphenol A (BPA), triclosan (TCS) and triclocarban (TCC) are used by manufacturers in their products. BPA is used to produce polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins and in the manufacturing process of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) organosols (Paloma, Quesada, Nadal, 2015). Water bottles, food storage containers, baby bottles and otherRead MoreChemical Such As Bisphenol A ( Bpa )1831 Words   |  8 Pagestriclosan (TCS) and triclocarban (TCC) are often be found in our food, water, and personal products. BPA is used to produce polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins and in the manufacturing process of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) organosols (Paloma, Quesada, Nadal, 2015). Water bottles, food storage containers, baby bottles and other products are designed using polycarbonate (Cao, et al., 2011). BPA is also used in the coating of me tal food and beverage cans and metal lids in glass jars (Cao, et al., 2011)

How to Use Geographic Information Systems in School

Maps are effective teaching tools for geography, but when maps are combined with technology, they can become visually powerful through a geographic information system (GIS). The combination of maps and data can produce digital maps that engage students in the science of where things are. The interactive features in digital maps can help students, for example, learn how things have changed over time or to research solutions to real-world problems at any grade level. Key Takeaways: GIS in the Classroom Geographic Information Systems can produce digital maps that engage students in the science of where things are.GIS are able to manipulate and analyze data as a 3-D map of an environment.There are different GIS that educators can integrate into lessons in any content area. Systems like Google Earth and ESRI provide training, resources, and support to educators. What Is a GIS? The acronyms for tools of location can be confusing. The science of location is a geographic information science also called GIS. Location science has always been a part of geography. In contrast, a GIS (system) manipulates and analyzes data to present it spatially, as a 3-D map of an environment. This data can be collected from multiple sources. These sources can include global positioning satellites (GPS) as part of the global positioning system (GPS). These satellites relay real-time information using radio signals from space to pinpoint an exact location. In summary, the data from GPS devices is collected by GIS (systems), which is then used by GIS (scientists). Google Earth for the Classroom The most obvious example of the use of GIS in classrooms today is the use of Google Earth, an open source program that can easily be downloaded and installed for immediate use. Google Earth offers location searches and 3-D orbits around those locations. There are tutorials for educators and also topics for educators which include the writing of story maps using geographic context on the web with locations, photos, and videos. Educators can use already prepared explorer adventures with detailed information about different places to share with students. Examples of topics available using Google Voyager include: Black History Month lessons featuring locations where Black Culture has changed the trajectory of American history.Myths and Legends from Around the World lessons featuring the locations of myths from China, India, Italy, the United States, Australia, Greece, Egypt, and Scandinavia.How the Wind Becomes Electricity lessons featuring the location of an off-shore wind farm in the North Sea and the Arctic. Google Earth also offers cross-curricular activities called Warm-up Passports. Each activity is connected to the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) or content area frameworks such as the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS). There are also opportunities to integrate Google Earth with virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) so that educators can offer students virtual field trips. Examples of Google Earth GIS Lessons and Activities The Warm-up Passports lessons in Google Earth require teachers to use the I’m Feeling Lucky and Street View in Google Earth â€Å"to randomly select a location in the world and then relate that location to a disciplinary concept.† The Warm-up Passports can be used for different subjects and grade levels in making cross-curricular connections. Examples include: Math Grade 5: Double (triple, quadruple) the area of this location. Write the new area in square feet. If the area of this location was divided in half, what would the size of each part be in square feet?Math Grade 7: Research the average annual temperature in this location for last year. Scientists predict that temperatures will increase by 6% globally this year. Write two equivalent expressions to represent this change.Social Studies Grade 6: Research the biggest industry of this location. What does that tell you about how people make a living there?Social Studies Grade 8: What transportation services are available in this location?ELA Grades 6-8: Identify or research one example of how humans have changed the physical environment of this location. Overall, was this change positive or negative? Use specific details to support your answer. Write a poem about the physical characteristics of this location that includes the following elements: rhyme scheme, alliteration, and stanzas. ESRI GIS in the Classroom The  Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) also offers GIS to educators for classroom use. Like Google Earth, there are subject area content resources for grade levels K-12 using a GIS. On the ESRI website, teachers can use GeoInquiriesâ„ ¢, which are available without a login or download. The description for these on the ESRI site reads â€Å"short (15 minutes), standards-based inquiry activities for teaching map-based content found in commonly used textbooks.† There are 15-20 activities per topic, and many of these activities can be modified for hands-on engagement. ESRI also features educator training under the online ESRI Academy. There are course modules that demonstrate strategies for integrating GIS to support instruction and discussion. There is also a Mentors Program to support teachers. Student competitions using ArcGIS story maps are linked on ESRI’s website. Educators and administrators in the United States can request a free ArcGIS for Schools Bundle for instructional use by completing a form on the ESRI website.   Examples of Lessons and Activities Using ESRI Like the plans in Google Earth, ESRI’s detailed lesson plans are centered on a geographic context to help students connect lessons with real places. In ELA, there are lessons for American Literature in which students can explore the geographic context of Isaac’s Storm by Erik Larson, and Their Eyes Were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston.In mathematics, students could site a water tower shared by two towns at the midpoint and determine the costs involved using the Pythagorean theorem.For a world history class, there are lessons organized around story maps for the Cradles of Civilization, the Silk Roads: Then and Now, and Early European exploration.Environmental science students can investigate marine debris, the role of ocean gyres, and how humans impact trash accumulation. Whatever the platform, educators who use GIS in the classroom engage their students in inquiry-driven, problem-solving activities that are aligned to state standards. The application of GIS in the classroom can also prepare students to consider a variety of career pathways that are in demand. GIS for Education Policy GIS helps students think critically about authentic problems by using real-time data, but there are other educational applications. A GIS can support large and small school districts in decision and policy making. For example, a GIS can provide district administrators and community safety experts the information about school buildings and surrounding areas to design and manage safety programs. In other examples, GIS data analysis of the communitys transportation infrastructure can help streamline bus routes. When communities experience population shifts,  a GIS can help districts in making decisions about building new schools or when to close old ones. The GIS can also provide school district administrators with tools to visualize patterns in student needs in attendance, academic achievement, or after-school support. Students Know GIS Students are already familiar with GIS in game applications as a blend of real and virtual environments such as Pokà ©mon Go, the mobile app which was downloaded 500 million times worldwide in its first year (July 2016). Students who play video games would be familiar with the urban environments created by GIS software, such as City Engine. Different GIS software is used for film, simulations,  and virtual reality. Finally, any student who has been in a car with GPS or has used a mobile application with interactive maps applications from Google, Bing, Apple, or Waze has experienced how the data from GPS and analyzed by GIS (systems) can blend their real world with a virtual world. Student familiarity with GIS helps their understanding of how GIS applications operate in their world. They may have enough background knowledge through personal experience that they can help their teachers become more comfortable in learning about GIS!

Definition Of Teamworking And Its Advantages And...

Definition of teamworking and its advantages and disadvantages According to Google Dictionary, it states: ‘the combined action of a group, especially when effective and efficient.’ The advantages are as follows: 1. You can get the work done faster if you have a balanced team. 2. You are able to get the opportunity to socialise with the people you work with, whether it’s a relationship, simple or mutual friendship. 3. You will have your work done to the satisfaction of yourself, the others and the higher power of the workplace. However, there are some disadvantages with teamworking: 1. If you have one weak link in your team, you will get the work done in a slower pace. 2. You will most likely be paired up with someone that you don’t like, feel uneven with or have a very bad history with the person. 3. It all comes down with how you work with the team and how fast you can do the work. If you’re fast and nimble, you can get the work done in no time. However, if you’re slow and steady, you will most likely bring the team down to a screeching halt and considered to be the weakest link in the whole entire team of workers. There are many different types of functions of teamworking that you must be aware of, in fact there are 7 of them. These are: †¢ Functional Teams – This performs specific objectives in an organization. †¢ Cross-Functional Teams – These are workers who are often temporarily put together to work as a team. †¢ Leadership Teams – This is a team of leadersShow MoreRelatedAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Teamwork Essay1523 Words   |  7 PagesDEFINITION OF TEAMWORKING AND ITS ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES. The definition of teamwork is when a group of people collaborate together to achieve a goal. Teamwork is often a crucial part of a business, as it is often necessary for colleagues to work together. Teamwork means people will cooperate using their individual skills giving feedback. There are so many advantages of team work, one of them being you have access to more ideas. Working in a team will create an environment of support andRead MoreFunctions Of Teamworking And Different Types Of Teams Essay1980 Words   |  8 Pages Table of Contents Section Number Title Teamworking Page Number 1 Definition of teamworking and its advantages and disadvantages 2 2 Functions of teamworking and different types of teams 3 3 A theory of teamworking that details the stages of the team development that are typical to any type of team 4 4 List three situations where teamworking may be appropriate 5 5 Different roles within a team and the impact of personality types on a team 6 6 Impact of effective and ineffective team members Read MoreThe And Its Advantages And Disadvantages1685 Words   |  7 Pages1 . Definition of teamworking and its advantages and disadvantages. Teamwork is performing work by a team who wants to achieve a common goal and together as efficiently as possible perform actions that will allow him to achieve this goal. Teamwork advantages: -greater efficiency team -action effect synergy -more energy and lighter work -shared desire to achieve -shared responsibility for the task -better communication by increasing the flow of information and ideas -better opportunity to shareRead MoreDefinition Of Team Working And Its Advantages And Disadvantages Essay2113 Words   |  9 PagesSection 1. Definition of team working and its advantages and disadvantages. Definition of team working: -The definition of team working is when a group of people work together to accomplish their objective/goal. Teams are very important in an organization and a good team can do brilliant things together. -The Advantages of good teamwork are. 1. A person can complete a difficult task while working together in a team rather than doing it alone. 2. In a good team the experience of team members wouldRead MoreManagement for Built Environment964 Words   |  4 Pages | | | | |Introduction to management | | | | |Explain the definitions and meanings of various management terms | | | | |Identify some major pre-twentieth-century contributions to development of | | Read MoreAdvantages And Disadvantages Of A Team Essay2515 Words   |  11 Pages1. Definition of Teamworking and its Advantages Disadvantages A team is a group of people who are working together to accomplish a shared goal. Working in a team can allow for more to be done than could possibly be done on your own. In a team, each member contributes and weaknesses and strengths are balanced by each other. In a team, the objective comes first, so personal feelings are put aside and everyone is entitled to respect. Teamworking can have many benefits, but it can also have someRead MoreThe Importance Of Teamwork And Its Advantages Essay2244 Words   |  9 PagesSECTION 1 Definition of teamwork and its advantages and disadvantages Teamwork consists of a group of people coming together to form a team, to work together to achieve the goals that have been set out. In order for a team to reach their objectives and be successful as a team they must find out what each team members role is in the team. They must set up team rules on how they will work together, how they will distribute information and how they will resolve any team conflict if any arises. TeamRead More1.Definition Of Teamworking.. Teamworking Is The Process2003 Words   |  9 Pages1. Definition of teamworking. Teamworking is the process of working together with a group of people in order to achieve a goal. The advantages of teamworking. †¢ Team members can learn from each other. †¢ Communication and information sharing can improve. †¢ Ideas can be shared and the overall team experience is improved. †¢ Individuals can be given a chance to perform a number of different tasks. †¢ New approaches to tasks can be discovered. †¢ Teams help to develop a supportive working environment. TheRead MoreCompetency Based Pay10556 Words   |  43 PagesBasic rate pay systems have the advantages that: †¢ †¢ †¢ they are relatively simple and cheap to administer and allow labour costs to be forecast with accuracy they lead to stability in pay and are easily understood by the workforce, who will be able to more readily predict and check their pay there may be fewer disputes and individual grievances than under systems linking pay to performance or results. However: †¢ basic rate systems do not by definition provide direct incentives to improveRead MoreTeam Work and High Performance Organization21591 Words   |  87 Pagesarrive at a single definition of teamwork. Several concepts exist and researchers in the field of working conditions differ in their view of what teamwork actually means. Work organisation using teamwork can refer to a wide range of possibilities, such as quality circles, cross-functional teams, self-managing teams or virtual teams. Many employers provide teamwork with varying degrees of autonomy. The form of teamwork depends on task specificity. According to the definition proposed by Hacker

Essay about Organ Transplantation and Ethical Considerations

Organ Transplantation and Ethical Considerations In February 2003, 17-year-old Jesica Santillan received a heart-lung transplant at Duke University Hospital that went badly awry because, by mistake, doctors used donor organs from a patient with a different blood type. The botched operation and subsequent unsuccessful retransplant opened a discussion in the media, in internet chat rooms, and in ethicists circles regarding how we, in the United States, allocate the scarce commodity of organs for transplant. How do we go about allocating a future for people who will die without a transplant? How do we go about denying it? When so many are waiting for their shot at a life worth living, is it fair to grant multiple organs or multiple†¦show more content†¦First, lets address equality as it applies to justice. All other things being equal, who holds a claim to the organs available for transplant in the United States—just citizens, or illegal immigrants, too? A recent Chicago news source cited the tragedy of American taxpay ers and their children who died last year waiting for the transplant that Duke University Hospital chose to give to a citizen of a foreign nation (Bailey, 2). This article went on to state that our system rewards illegal aliens for entering the United States to access our health care system, thus condemning some of the American taxpayers who pay for that system to premature deaths. Few could deny the sheer unfairness of such a situation (Bailey, 2). But how true are these statements? Are organs allocated in a way that promotes inequality for American citizens? An ethicists first responsibility is to look at the facts, and the facts in this instance tell a different story. According to the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS), American citizens are more likely to receive organs of non-citizens than vice versa; As a percentage, every year, U.S. citizens receive more organs than they donate (Vedantam, 2). Also, UNOS limits the number of transplants allotted to non-citizens to no more than five percent of available organs; however, no limits on donations are made (Vedantam, 2). These facts indicate that Americans are benefiting from the organ donations ofShow MoreRelatedBioprinting Human Organs: The Past, Present, And Future.1488 Words   |  6 Pages Bioprinting Human Organs: The Past, Present, and Future Written by: Emmitt Mikkelson, Alexander Turnbull and John Wesley Table of Contents: I. Introduction II. History of Organ Transplants III. Development of Bioprinting IV. Current Bioprinting Processes V. Bioprinting Human Organs for Transplantation VI. Insurance Coverage for Organ Transplants VII. Ethical Considerations and Alternative Ideas VIII. The Future of Bioprinting IX. Conclusion Read MoreOrgan Donation And The Ethical Implications1441 Words   |  6 Pagesof becoming an organ donor can save lives and improve the quality of life of the recipient. When an individual is in need of an organ transplant, it is typically known that they are in need of an organ that facilitates a restoration of physiological functioning and will often mean the difference between life and death. A vast majority of individuals are apprehensive about what happens to their bodies after their death. In this paper we will go through the origins and history of organ donation, theRead MoreHealthcare Business: The Legality of Introducing a New Structure for Organ Donation2843 Words   |  11 Pagesï » ¿Title of paper: Healthcare Business Legality Introducing a new structure for organ donation Students name: Course name and number: Instructors name: Date submitted: January 23rd, 2012 Introduction The legal and ethical business practices that are maintained to be the standardized rules in primary industries are also critical for the successful, legal and ethical execution in the healthcare industry so that the patients can choose the right healthcare provider and structure. To furtherRead MoreEthical Aspects Of Organ Allocation1169 Words   |  5 Pagespractice of organ transplantation has grown by leaps and bounds over the last 50 years. Each year the medical profession takes more risk with decisions regarding transplants, how to allocate for organs, and most recently conducting transplants on children with adult organs. â€Å"An organ transplantation is a surgical operation where a failing or damaged organ in the human body is removed and replaced with a new one† (Caplan, 2009). Not all organs can be transplanted. The term â€Å"organ transplant† typicallyRead MoreAllocation Of Scarce Resources : Donor Organs2243 Words   |  9 Pages Allocation of Scarce Resources: Donor Organs Deborah Russell Drexel University Abstract The allocation of scarce resources is an ongoing issue in healthcare today. The scarcity of many specific interventions include beds in the intensive care unit, donor organs, and vaccines during a pandemic influenza are widely acknowledged as an extensive issue in healthcare ethics. The allocation of scarce resources is the determination of how to equally and fairly use scarce medical resources availableRead MoreEthical Healthcare Issues There are questions about transplant allocation in regards to the four900 Words   |  4 PagesEthical Healthcare Issues There are questions about transplant allocation in regards to the four major ethical principles in medical ethics: beneficence, autonomy, nonmaleficence and justice. Beneficence is the â€Å"obligation of healthcare providers to help people† that are in need, autonomy is the â€Å"right of patients to make choices† in regards to their healthcare, nonmaleficence, is the â€Å"duty of the healthcare providers to do no harm†, and justice is the â€Å"concept of treating everyone in a fair manner†Read MoreOrgan Allocation Case Study : Correctional Healthcare1147 Words   |  5 PagesOrgan Allocation Case Study: Correctional Healthcare Healthcare workers and the ethics board make tough decisions that impact the patient’s future, specifically related to organ allocation. Organ transplantation is extremely important in order to save lives, prolong survival, and increase the quality of life (Beyar, 2017). Each year the number of people on the waiting list continues to rise at an alarming rate. According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, organ donation statisticsRead MoreOrgan Donation Case Study Essay967 Words   |  4 PagesOrgan Allocation Case Study: Correctional Healthcare Healthcare workers and the ethics board make tough decisions that impact the patient’s future, especially related to organ allocation. Organ transplantation is extremely important in order to save lives, prolong survival, and increase the quality of life (Beyar, 2017). Each year the number of people on the waiting list continues to rise at an alarming rate. According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, organ donation statisticsRead MoreA Very Brief Look at Xenotransplantation 964 Words   |  4 Pagesnonhuman animal cells, tissues and organs in humans or between different species. A similar approach is called allotransplantation which is the same procedure, just within the same species. These cells and organs can be implanted or enclosed in a device that is used outside the body (ex vivo perfusion). Xenotransplantation can help human beings suffering from organ failure to save lives. Every day between ten and eighteen people die while being on a waiting li st for an organ transplant, and the developmentRead MoreThe Organ Trafficking Epidemic Essay1111 Words   |  5 Pagesindividuals partake in organ trafficking which shows that organ trafficking is a valid issue that must be handled. As of now, U.S. citizens are not prohibited to buy organs outside of the United States by NOTA (National Organ Transplant Act of 1984). In â€Å"Can The Government Ban Organ Sale? Recent Court Challenges And The Future Of US Law On Selling Human Organs And Other Tissue†, Glenn I. Cohen states that â€Å". . . if a US citizen travels abroad to buy a kidney or other organ his act is not prohibited

West Indian Poetry Analysis Essay Example For Students

West Indian Poetry Analysis Essay The tree of always reaching up. Carter therefore is tired and feels a sense of defeat, the repetition of the phrase Childhood of a voice shows his petitions and actions falling on deaf ears. No action is taking place. People neglect to consider what children have to say as important. The persona also with frustration is still having hope. The light oppresses and the darkness frees. The day time is where people engage with each other at work, school and leisure. This is also the time to experience the strife, war and ignorance of the British rule. But the darkness is a time of rest and reflection in the comfort of their homes, night eases the mind to face yet another day. Though this period seems like a never-ending depression the persona hopes and pleads for a brighter tomorrow. But if only the rain fall, and the sky we have not seen so long come blue again. The mood of the poem is somewhat depressing, and the tone demonstrates a sigh of defeat. Both Eric Roach and Martin Carter are very observant poets. They both use nature, the landscape of their countries as their tool to successfully bring forth their sage. Flowers, rocks, mountains, trees are all elements of nature that we take for granted each day. Roach and Carter takes these simple things in life, which we can relate to and make profound thought provoking statements. These poets can be seen as historians, they write to bring awareness to the present and the future of what makes up our identity West Indians, their political and philosophical stance. Granted that both poets use the same inspiration they execute quite differently. Roach tends to be a more coded writer where his mission and message is hidden, whereas Carter is a more out right, in your face straight to the point poet, but uses his words tastefully, and also at times codes his work.

Psychology Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex

Question: Write about thePsychology forVentromedial Prefrontal Cortex. Answer: Introduction In the recent years, there have been several studies that have focused on the function of ventromedial prefrontal cortex, also referred as the medial orbitofrontal cortex. However, any kind of focal liaisons in this area of the brain may cause an abnormal egocentric pattern in the moral judgment. The studies have shown that these focal damages in this area of brain are mostly conflicting in nature and also heterogeneous (Taber-Thomas et al., 2014). This article examines the contrast in the patients with the ventromedial prefrontal cortex lesions acquired in the developmental phase and in the adult ages. The evidences have suggested that the lesions are a crucial neural substrate which may go beyond the self interest of the patient. Theories used in the Article Different studies regarding the ventromedial prefrontal cortex lesions have suggested that these lesions to this area of the brain may have an impact on the reward processing or may influence the motivational features. However, it is also possible that the lack of motivation in the human behavior may cause for other reasons as well. Therefore, the researchers have demonstrated the trouble in making decisions to be an outcome of ventromedial prefrontal cortex lesions. The cognitive tasks of a human being may be affected through lesions in this area. A human being who is affected with ventromedial prefrontal cortex lesions may have issues in the situations with risks and other alteration with the autonomic anticipatory responses. This study has taken two different groups of individuals who have developmental lesions in the ventromedial PFC under the age of sixteen and another group of individuals with the developmental onset liaisons outside this region of the brain. Other Research Articles the at Provide a Background to the Primary DRR Article The maturation in the judgment process can be considered as the characteristic of the human moral development that is developed during the childhood and the adolescent period. Scholars have indicated several features of the moral development; therefore there are two related researches that set the platform for these neuropsychological studies. The first one is the seminal work of Kohlberg that is concerned with the deep rooted development in terms of social emotions and abstract reasoning. The second research that provides a background for the present study is the impact of the functions of ventromedial prefrontal cortex (PFC) for the emotional and social thoughts or the moral development (Taber-Thomas et al., 2014). The patients with this disorder are seen to have abnormality in the moral development and express an abnormal judgment in the socially controversial situations. The Reason for Conducting the Study The previous studies have indicated that the dysfunction of ventromedial prefrontal cortex may have a crucial role in the neuro-developmental disorder such as psychopathy. The previous researches have indicated that the functions of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex are necessary for the natural moral development in an individual (Hebscher et al., 2015). This study was conducted to exhibit the relationship between the naturally healthy group and the individuals who had issues with the ventromedial prefrontal cortex in their developmental phase. Previously, the authors have conducted two studies on individuals with this disorder who were shown with lack of empathy and unethical behavior. The social issues in those two patients were more than it is seen in the patients with the adult-onset ventromedial PFC lesions. The evidences indicate that any dysfunction in the early years can cause the immaturity of the adult-onset ventromedial PFC but damage causing the later life may not affect the initial stages of the moral development. Therefore, this particular study has been conducted with the neurological patients that are put into empirical test. The Way of Conducting the Study The researchers had evaluated their initial findings about the individuals with the developmental-onset ventromedial PFC injury that might show self centered moral judgments while taking control of the moral situations with lower conflicts. The resulted have indicated to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex having a significant role to play in the moral development. The researchers have also compared and contrasted to the patients with developmental-onset ventromedial PFC and the ones with damages outside the ventromedial PFC and the healthy adults who have no neurological issues (Taber-Thomas et al., 2014). The patients had to make judgments about fifty hypothetical situations. After the description of each scenario, there was a question with the options of yes or no. The moral situations were either with low or high moral conflict. Therefore the researchers analyzed the data nueroanatomically. Findings and Application The findings of Taber-Thomas et al. (2014) support the previous predictions. In the lower conflict situations the developmental-onset ventromedial PFC group has shown more self centered decisions than the other groups. The in groups differences were particular in the lower conflict situations. However, in the non moral situations there were no such noteworthy differences between the groups. As a support to the previous predictions, the damages in the ventromedial PHC were associated with the self centered actions. However, the patients having damages with the age of five were seen to have more impairment. The researchers have also evaluated a model that tested the ventromedial PFC damage in the higher conflict situations show differences between the groups. Impact of the Findings on the Subsequent Research From the findings of this research indicate that one should understand the psychological development of the moral growth for understanding the development of anti social behavior. The patients with the damages of the in the ventromedial PFC in their early ages had indicated the notion whether different areas of brain is accountable for different social behavior of an individual. The findings of data from the patients with ventromedial PFC damage had shown more self centered decisions in the situations with moral conflicts. Those individuals tend to disobey the moral or ethical rules for their own good. An initial analysis had also suggested that damages within the age of five years are more harmful to the ventromedial PFC, therefore causing more self centered judgments (Taber-Thomas et al., 2014). However, damages in the adult ages may or may not have any impact on the moral developments and judgments. Even though the small number of patients can be considered as one of the limitatio ns of thee study, but the study has a great impact on the neuro-biological study. The difference between the two groups has further indicated to the previous findings of the researchers. Future Scope for Research There are several chances of the future researches in this area as there have not been many studies in this area. It will be necessary to continue this study with other experiments with the different other stimulus and other experiments with moral reasoning. It is also necessary to conduct research with a larger number of patients. Keeping the basic findings of the research same, there can be several experiments on the neurological development of the patients with ventromedial PFC damage at different stages. This study only provides empirical evidence on the suggestion that the ventromedial PFC may have a significant impact on the maturity of the human moral development (Taber-Thomas et al., 2014). However, there is a future scope of research is this genre if the genetic and the other environmental factors are evaluated to find out whether the ventromedial PFC damage have the profound impact on making the self centered moral judgments. In the cases of children or the young adults, th is result can be more prevalent and be more effective in understanding the human social and moral development. These findings can pave the way of future researches in this field. Reference List and Bibliography Ghosh, V. E., Moscovitch, M., Colella, B. M., Gilboa, A. (2014). Schema representation in patients with ventromedial PFC lesions.Journal of Neuroscience,34(36), 12057-12070. Hebscher, M., Barkan-Abramski, M., Goldsmith, M., Aharon-Peretz, J., Gilboa, A. (2015). Memory, decision-making, and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC): the roles of subcallosal and posterior orbitofrontal cortices in monitoring and control processes.Cerebral Cortex, bhv220. Hogeveen, J., Hauner, K. K., Chau, A., Krueger, F., Grafman, J. (2016). Impaired valuation leads to increased apathy following ventromedial prefrontal cortex damage.Cerebral Cortex, bhv317. Levens, S. M., Larsen, J. T., Bruss, J., Tranel, D., Bechara, A., Mellers, B. A. (2014). What might have been? The role of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and lateral orbitofrontal cortex in counterfactual emotions and choice.Neuropsychologia,54, 77-86. Pujara, M. S., Wolf, R. C., Baskaya, M. K., Koenigs, M. (2015). Ventromedial prefrontal cortex damage alters relative risk tolerance for prospective gains and losses.Neuropsychologia,79, 70-75. Snchez-Navarro, J. P., Driscoll, D., Anderson, S. W., Tranel, D., Bechara, A., Buchanan, T. W. (2014). Alterations of attention and emotional processing following childhood-onset damage to the prefrontal cortex.Behavioral neuroscience,128(1), 1. Taber-Thomas et al. (2014) Arrested development: early prefrontal lesions impair the maturation of moral judgement [topic 2 biological bases, chapter 3 4] Taber-Thomas, B. C., Asp, E. W., Koenigs, M., Sutterer, M., Anderson, S. W., Tranel, D. (2014). Arrested development: early prefrontal lesions impair the maturation of moral judgement.Brain,137(4), 1254-1261. Warren, D. E., Jones, S. H., Duff, M. C., Tranel, D. (2014). False recall is reduced by damage to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex: implications for understanding the neural correlates of schematic memory.Journal of Neuroscience,34(22), 7677-7682. Wolf, R. C., Philippi, C. L., Motzkin, J. C., Baskaya, M. K., Koenigs, M. (2014). Ventromedial prefrontal cortex mediates visual attention during facial emotion recognition.Brain,137(6), 1772-1780.